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Intense effort is then spent until the targeted area has been improved, usually over the span of one or two weeks. Used in support of the Kaizen process, these events target specific areas that need to be improved. Kaizen Events are official activities designed to create rapid change in the workplace. In most cases, individual improvements don’t lead to major changes by themselves rather, a continuous stream of small changes leads to major improvements in productivity, safety, and effectiveness while reducing waste.Ī more modern use of Kaizen is to plan events, commonly known as Kaizen Events. As a result, suggestions for improvement come from every area of the business: production, procurement, management, logistics, finance, and so on. Kaizen leverages knowledge and ingenuity from every employee, from upper management to the cleaning crew.
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Created in Japan after World War II, Kaizen was used to help rebuild after the war. Kaizen is a lean tool that, when used correctly, fosters continuous improvement in quality, technology, processes, productivity, company culture, and safety. However, Kaizen, 5S, Kanban, Value Stream Mapping, and Focus PDCA are among the most useful lean tools. Some lean tools may be more appropriate for one business than another. The goal of lean manufacturing is to find better ways to do things: requiring less effort, less time, and fewer resources. Use this section for citation of items referenced in the text to show your sources.Lean manufacturing uses many lean tools to improve production and efficiency by getting the most out of each resource. With digital recording, the maximum logging speed should be reduced to 20 ft/min. The log should be recorded at a constant logging speed not to exceed 30 ft/min. In a production well, the tool should always be logged downward so as to enter undisturbed fluid. The temperature tool is most effective when located at the bottom of a tool string. across the chart, and that the temperature log is carefully depth-correlated, the resulting temperature curve has more vertical resolution than does a curve from any other production-logging tools. Provided that the temperature curve is recorded at the recommended sensitivity of 1☏/in. However, the difference does not degrade the sensitivity of the differential trace. Thus, the digitally determined differential trace is not as useful for highlighting important changes of the temperature curve’s slope.ĭepending on how carefully (or recently) a particular temperature tool was calibrated, there may be several ☏ difference between the recorded temperature and the true downhole temperature.
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Digital recording degrades the sensitivity of the differential trace from that available with analog recording. Again, the temperature trace should be recorded at a sensitivity of 1☏ across the chart. In digital recording, the spikes-per-minute from the logging cable are counted digitally at the surface, and the resulting count rate is converted to a temperature trace by the computer’s program. 1, is easily worth the additional logging charge. The differential trace, when properly amplified as on Fig. Consequently the differential trace shows a strong positive excursion at B, highlighting the change of the slope of the temperature trace at this depth. Because the tool is logging down and the temperature is increasing, the depth-rate-of-change of temperature is positive. On the log, the temperature trace warms abruptly below Depth B. Although no absolute scale is associated with the differential trace, it is useful for highlighting important changes of the slope of the temperature curve. The output of the amplifier is recorded as Trace 2 (the differential trace or the derivative of the temperature), and is proportional to the depth-rate-of-change of the temperature curve. In analog recording, the voltage output of the counting circuit is also input to a differentiating amplifier. across the chart is strongly recommended for production wells. This voltage is recorded on a pen-and-ink strip chart recorded as the temperature (or gradient) trace.
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In analog recording, the transmitted spikes per minute are converted to a voltage by a counting circuit. The circuitry of the tool is designed so that the voltage across the sensor is proportional to the sensor’s electrical resistance. The preferred sensor is a platinum element because the electrical resistance of the sensor varies linearly with temperature over a wide range and is stable over time. Inside the cage is a thermistor that senses the surrounding fluid temperature. The temperature-logging tool includes a cage, which is open to the wellbore fluid, at the tool’s bottom end.
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